International Journal of Gender & Women's Studies

Analysis of Leadership Styles of Head Teachers at Secondary School Level in Pakistan: Locale and Gender Comparison
Dr. Naseer Ahmad Salfi, Dr. Nasarullah Virk, Dr. Ashiq Hussain

Abstract
This study has been designed to analyze the leadership styles of head teachers of secondary schools in Pakistan and compare them with regard to gender and locality. The head teachers and teachers working in secondary schools of Punjab province constituted the population for this study. From this population, 351head teachers and 702 teachers from 12 districts were selected as sample by stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire having 34 items in which participants were asked to respond at 5- point Likert scale ranging from ‘1’ indicating never to ‘5’ indicating always in terms of how frequently the head teachers practiced each behavior. Collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics that include mean, standard deviation and independent sample ttest. The main findings of the study revealed that majority of the head teachers were following authoritative leadership styles. Female head teachers were more democratic as compared to male head teachers. Similarly, urbane head teachers were also more democratic as compared to rural head teacher of secondary schools in Pakistan.

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